R01HL153462

Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health in Older Women: OPACH2 - Despite higher rates of incident or recurrent MI and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) among women aged 85 and older (120/1000) than men (85/1000), and the disproportionate burden of disability and co-morbidity in aging women related to diagnosed and occult cardiovascular disease (CVD), prevention of CVD in this vulnerable population is vastly understudied.

This application builds upon the now completed Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) study (NHLBI R01 HL105065), an ancillary study embedded in the Women's Health Initiative Long Life Study led by Dr. Lacroix. The OPACH team studied accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in relation to incident CVD among 7048 women ages 63-99. Our primary results showed a statistically significant, dose-responsive, 20% reduction in incident CHD, a 10% reduction in incident CVD, and a 24% reduction in all-cause mortality for every additional hour spent in light PA (1.6-2.9 METs) in older women; and a 12% increased risk of CVD for every additional hour spent sedentary.

To classify light PA, the OPACH team conducted a laboratory calibration study (200 OPACH women) to determine accelerometer cutpoints for absolute intensity relevant to the usual daily PA habits of older women. Age-specific classification of PA intensity is critical because resting metabolic rate and maximal aerobic capacity decline with aging, whereas the energy cost of aerobic activity increases with age. Because of these age-related changes and the heterogeneity in how they occur in older adults, the 2018 PA Guidelines evidence report urged researchers to: "conduct prospective cohort studies of PA and physical function in older adults that include objective measures (e.g., heart rate monitors) of relative intensity of PA." The term "relative" in this context refers to the maximal exercise capacity of individuals.

OPACH2 and the OPACH2 calibration study are designed specifically to derive validated accelerometer-measured PA relative intensity and determine its association with incident CVD (CHD, heart failure, stroke) and mortality through 2027. To do this, we will obtain a second accelerometer measurement of PA and SB with contemporaneous measurement of heart rate (a physiological measure of PA intensity) using a non-invasive cardiac monitor patch (Cardea Solo) in 4200-5000 surviving OPACH women. We will also investigate cross-sectional associations at the second accelerometer wear (2022-2023) of relative and absolute PA intensity with indicators of underlying CV health including traditional risk factors (lipids, glycemia, inflammation, blood pressure, adiposity), novel biomarkers of CVD pathology (cardiac troponin, brain natriuretic peptide, galactin-3), heart rate variability (from Cardea Solo patch), and physical performance.

Finally, we will determine the association of changes in accelerometer-measured PA and SB over ~10 years with changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors, novel biomarkers, and physical functioning during the same interval, and with incidence of clinical CVD events and mortality through 2027.

San Diego University Of California

TO FOSTER HEART AND VASCULAR RESEARCH IN THE BASIC, TRANSLATIONAL, CLINICAL AND POPULATION SCIENCES, AND TO FOSTER TRAINING TO BUILD TALENTED YOUNG INVESTIGATORS IN THESE AREAS, FUNDED THROUGH COMPETITIVE RESEARCH TRAINING GRANTS. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR) PROGRAM: TO STIMULATE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION, USE SMALL BUSINESS TO MEET FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS, FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION IN INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP BY SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED PERSONS, AND INCREASE PRIVATE-SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FUNDING. SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAM: TO STIMULATE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION, FOSTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER THROUGH COOPERATIVE R&D BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESSES AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, AND INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL R&D.

93.837 - Cardiovascular Diseases Research

National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HHS - NIH]

La Jolla, California 92093 United States

Single Zip Code

NIH Research Project Grant (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) (PA-20-185)

Amendment Since initial award the total obligations have increased 333% from $1,431,380 to $6,198,164.