R01HD105318

Single and Combined Effects of Positive Behavior Support, Medication, and Academic Accommodation for Children with ADHD

Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) experience profound, sustained, and severe impairments in academic functioning and long-term progress, making the identification and evaluation of effective approaches critical. Therefore, it is surprising that such little empirical work has explored effective intervention approaches related to learning.

This proposal will investigate the efficacy of common academic accommodations (extra time, frequent breaks, low-distraction environment, and adaptive furniture) provided for children with ADHD, as well as classroom behavior management positive supports and medication. There has not yet been a rigorous trial that investigates these interventions alone and in combination with one another for children with ADHD in standard educational settings.

Thus, in this proposed study, the efficacy of commonly employed academic accommodations, behavioral support interventions, and medication will be rigorously evaluated in a within-subject design in a classroom setting conducted under well-controlled conditions in a summer treatment program setting. Specific aims for the project include an evaluation of the single and combined effects of behavioral supports, medication, and academic accommodations. Further, the moderating effect of child characteristics using standard diagnostic procedures, as well as baseline neurocognitive functioning, will be explored.

Participants will be 288 children (grades K-5; 72 per year for four years; 36 per site) diagnosed with ADHD. At baseline, information on comorbidities (specific learning disability, disruptive behavior disorder) and neurocognitive impairments (processing speed, working memory, reaction time variability, inhibitory control, and attention) will be measured and evaluated as moderators.

Then, in a within-subject design, all children will receive each level of the behavior modification accommodations (i.e., no positive behavioral supports, positive behavioral supports), each level of medication (i.e., placebo, .3 mg/kg methylphenidate), and each level of the academic accommodations (i.e., extended time, adaptive furniture, frequent breaks, preferential/low distraction seating vs. a standard classroom environment).

Measures of key outcome will include objective measures of behavioral and academic functioning. These include observations of behavior in the classroom (i.e., on-task behavior) and academic productivity (i.e., work completion) in independent seatwork and group instruction settings.

Florida International University

TO CONDUCT AND SUPPORT LABORATORY RESEARCH, CLINICAL TRIALS, AND STUDIES WITH PEOPLE THAT EXPLORE HEALTH PROCESSES. NICHD RESEARCHERS EXAMINE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGIC AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS, BEHAVIOR PATTERNS, AND POPULATION DYNAMICS TO PROTECT AND MAINTAIN THE HEALTH OF ALL PEOPLE. TO EXAMINE THE IMPACT OF DISABILITIES, DISEASES, AND DEFECTS ON THE LIVES OF INDIVIDUALS. WITH THIS INFORMATION, THE NICHD HOPES TO RESTORE, INCREASE, AND MAXIMIZE THE CAPABILITIES OF PEOPLE AFFECTED BY DISEASE AND INJURY. TO SPONSOR TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR SCIENTISTS, DOCTORS, AND RESEARCHERS TO ENSURE THAT NICHD RESEARCH CAN CONTINUE. BY TRAINING THESE PROFESSIONALS IN THE LATEST RESEARCH METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES, THE NICHD WILL BE ABLE TO CONDUCT ITS RESEARCH AND MAKE HEALTH RESEARCH PROGRESS UNTIL ALL CHILDREN, ADULTS, FAMILIES, AND POPULATIONS ENJOY GOOD HEALTH. THE MISSION OF THE NICHD IS TO ENSURE THAT EVERY PERSON IS BORN HEALTHY AND WANTED, THAT WOMEN SUFFER NO HARMFUL EFFECTS FROM REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES, AND THAT ALL CHILDREN HAVE THE CHANCE TO ACHIEVE THEIR FULL POTENTIAL FOR HEALTHY AND PRODUCTIVE LIVES, FREE FROM DISEASE OR DISABILITY, AND TO ENSURE THE HEALTH, PRODUCTIVITY, INDEPENDENCE, AND WELL-BEING OF ALL PEOPLE THROUGH OPTIMAL REHABILITATION.

93.865 - Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) [HHS - NIH]

Miami, Florida 331992516 United States

Single Zip Code

NICHD Research Project Grant (R01 - Clinical Trial Required) (PA-18-480)

Amendment Since initial award the total obligations have increased 383% from $632,781 to $3,054,299.