R01DC020165

Title: How Single-Word and Telegraphic Simplification Affects Language Processing and Word Learning in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder - Project Summary/Abstract

The vast majority of young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate severe and persistent delays in language development that negatively impact their ability to form social relationships, succeed in school, and achieve an optimal quality of life. Given the severity of language delays and their lasting impact, many interventions have been developed to improve language skills in children with ASD. A central strategy in such interventions is for adults to modify the way they speak to help children understand and learn from spoken language— for example, by simplifying their utterances, relative to utterance length in adult conversation.

However, the field lacks controlled, experimental evidence regarding how linguistic simplification impacts children's ability to understand and learn from spoken language. This gap in knowledge poses a significant barrier to evidence-based practice and scientific progress. Fortunately, our team has validated and refined the tools needed to address the limitations of prior work.

In the proposed study, we adopt the looking-while-listening paradigm to examine real-time effects of utterance simplification on children's language processing and word learning. As a screen-based task, looking-while-listening has limited behavioral task demands, making it appropriate for children with a wide range of abilities (including those who are minimally verbal).

The objective of the proposed project is to determine how linguistic simplification affects language processing and word learning in young children with ASD. Participants will be 104 children with ASD (2 – 4 years old) with a broad range of abilities. Children will complete standardized assessments and looking-while-listening tasks.

Based on strong preliminary data, our central hypothesis is that simplification will negatively affect processing and learning. This central hypothesis will be addressed by 3 specific aims:

1) Determine how single-word and telegraphic simplification affects language processing in young children with ASD.
2) Determine how single-word and telegraphic simplification affects word learning in young children with ASD.
3) Evaluate child characteristics that may moderate the effects of linguistic simplification on language processing and word learning in young children with ASD.

Regardless of the outcome, these results will have a strong impact on theory and clinical practice. Findings will be significant because they will determine how linguistic simplification affects children's ability to understand and learn from spoken language. This project will also contribute to our long-term goal of systematically evaluating the components (and likely active ingredients) of early language interventions.

Michigan State University

TO INVESTIGATE SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS DIRECTLY RELEVANT TO INDIVIDUALS WITH DEAFNESS OR DISORDERS OF HUMAN COMMUNICATION IN THE AREAS OF HEARING, BALANCE, SMELL, TASTE, VOICE, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE. THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS (NIDCD) SUPPORTS RESEARCH AND RESEARCH TRAINING, INCLUDING INVESTIGATION INTO THE ETIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, DETECTION, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION OF DISORDERS OF HEARING AND OTHER COMMUNICATION PROCESSES, PRIMARILY THROUGH THE SUPPORT OF BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ANATOMY, AUDIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOENGINEERING, EPIDEMIOLOGY, GENETICS, IMMUNOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, THE NEUROSCIENCES, OTOLARYNGOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, PSYCHOPHYSICS, SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY, AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES. THE NIDCD SUPPORTS: (1) RESEARCH INTO THE EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUES AND DEVICES USED IN DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, REHABILITATION, AND PREVENTION OF DISORDERS OF HEARING AND OTHER COMMUNICATION PROCESSES, (2) RESEARCH INTO PREVENTION AND EARLY DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF HEARING LOSS AND SPEECH, VOICE, AND LANGUAGE DISORDERS AND RESEARCH INTO PREVENTING THE EFFECTS OF SUCH DISORDERS BY MEANS OF APPROPRIATE REFERRAL AND REHABILITATION, (3) RESEARCH INTO THE DETECTION, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION OF DISORDERS OF HEARING AND OTHER COMMUNICATION PROCESSES IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION AND ITS REHABILITATION TO ENSURE CONTINUED EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS, AND (4) RESEARCH TO EXPAND KNOWLEDGE OF THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AGENTS THAT INFLUENCE HEARING OR OTHER COMMUNICATION PROCESSES. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR) PROGRAM: TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, TO ENCOURAGE SMALL BUSINESS PARTICIPATION IN FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAM: TO STIMULATE AND FOSTER SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION THROUGH COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CARRIED OUT BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO FOSTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION.

93.173 - Research Related to Deafness and Communication Disorders

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) [HHS - NIH]

East Lansing, Michigan 488242600 United States

Single Zip Code

NIDCD Low Risk Clinical Trials in Communication Disorders (R01 Clinical Trial Required) (PAR-21-063)

Amendment Since initial award the total obligations have increased 342% from $735,243 to $3,250,306.