R01AI192662

SKIN MICROBES AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALLERGIC DISEASE - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT BACTERIA THAT COLONIZE THE SKIN OF ADULTS WITH ALLERGIC DISEASES SUCH AS ATOPIC DERMATITIS (AD) ARE DIFFERENT THAN THOSE ON HEALTHY SKIN AND INFLUENCE SEVERITY OF DISEASE, BUT THE FUNCTION OF THE MICROBIOME IN EARLY LIFE IS LESS WELL KNOWN. NEW DATA FROM A TEST COHORT OF CHILDREN WITH AD HAS DISCOVERED THAT SEVERAL STRAINS OF STREPTOCOCCUS PRODUCE HIGH PROTEASE ACTIVITY, ARE MORE ABUNDANT ON CHILDREN WITH AD, AND CAN INDUCE SKIN BARRIER BREAKDOWN AND TH2 INFLAMMATION ON MICE. SKIN BARRIER DEFECTS ASSOCIATE WITH BOTH AD AND FOOD ALLERGY (FA). WE THEREFORE HYPOTHESIZE THAT COLONIZATION BY STRAINS OF STREPTOCOCCI THAT CAN DAMAGE THE SKIN BARRIER WILL INCREASE THE RISK OF DEVELOPMENT OF ALLERGIC DISEASES SUCH AS AD AND FA. TO TEST THIS HYPOTHESIS, WE PROPOSE TO TEST SKIN SWABS OBTAINED FROM THE SUNBEAM EARLY LIFE STUDY. THIS STUDY IS COLLECTING MULTIPLE SWABS AND OTHER DATA FROM APPROXIMATELY 2000 CHILDREN AT BIRTH UNTIL AGE 3. ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL PROTEASE ACTIVITY, CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY WILL BE CONDUCTED ON APPROXIMATELY 6000 SWABS TO IDENTIFY THE GENES IN SPECIFIC BACTERIAL STRAINS THAT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DAMAGING AND PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS. METAGENOMIC AND METABOLOMIC ANALYSIS WILL FURTHER CLARIFY THE COMPOSITION AND ACTIONS OF THE MICROBIOME ON THE SKIN OF PARTICIPANTS IN THIS STUDY, THUS PROVIDING ESSENTIAL INFORMATION TO ENABLE BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE MICROBIOME INFLUENCES THE ONSET OF AD OR FA. THIS INFORMATION WILL FURTHER CLARIFY HOW THE FUNCTIONS OF BACTERIA ON THE SKIN CAN IMPACT THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.

San Diego University Of California

TO ASSIST PUBLIC AND PRIVATE NONPROFIT INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVIDUALS TO ESTABLISH, EXPAND AND IMPROVE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND RESEARCH TRAINING IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND RELATED AREAS, TO CONDUCT DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH, TO PRODUCE AND TEST RESEARCH MATERIALS. TO ASSIST PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS TO CONDUCT DEVELOPMENTAL RESEARCH, TO PRODUCE AND TEST RESEARCH MATERIALS, TO PROVIDE RESEARCH SERVICES AS REQUIRED BY THE AGENCY FOR PROGRAMS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES, AND CONTROLLING DISEASE CAUSED BY INFECTIOUS OR PARASITIC AGENTS, ALLERGIC AND IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES AND RELATED AREAS. PROJECTS RANGE FROM STUDIES OF MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE TO COLLABORATIVE TRIALS OF EXPERIMENTAL DRUGS AND VACCINES, MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS AS WELL AS RESEARCH DEALING WITH EPIDEMIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS OR COMMUNITY POPULATIONS AND PROGRESS IN ALLERGIC AND IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES. BECAUSE OF THIS DUAL FOCUS, THE PROGRAM ENCOMPASSES BOTH BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL RESEARCH. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR) PROGRAM EXPANDS AND IMPROVES PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. THE SBIR PROGRAM INTENDS TO INCREASE AND FACILITATE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, TO INCREASE SMALL BUSINESS PARTICIPATION IN FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. THE SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAM STIMULATES AND FOSTERS SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION THROUGH COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CARRIED OUT BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO FOSTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. RESEARCH CAREER DEVELOPMENT AWARDS SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTISTS DURING THE FORMATIVE STAGES OF THEIR CAREERS. INDIVIDUAL NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS (NRSAS) ARE MADE DIRECTLY TO APPROVE APPLICANTS FOR RESEARCH TRAINING IN SPECIFIED BIOMEDICAL SHORTAGE AREAS. IN ADDITION, INSTITUTIONAL NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS ARE MADE TO ENABLE INSTITUTIONS TO SELECT AND MAKE AWARDS TO INDIVIDUALS TO RECEIVE TRAINING UNDER THE AEGIS OF THEIR INSTITUTIONAL PROGRAM.

93.855 - Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [HHS - NIH]

California United States

State-Wide

NIH Research Project Grant (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) (PA-20-185)