R01AG078361

Genetically Informed Studies of Social Connectedness and Health - 7. Project Summary

A large body of evidence indicates that high-quality social relationships are correlated with decreased risk for morbidity and mortality from a range of disease outcomes, and that social disconnection and poor relationship quality are correlated with considerable risk for negative health outcomes. Although most of the work in this area is correlational in nature, it is often interpreted as if it is causal. Genetically informed research methods can allow researchers to rule out causal explanations for epidemiological associations and/or identify effects that may be consistent with a causal influence.

Using co-twin control methods and a comprehensive new data collection in the Washington State Twin Registry (WSTR), this grant brings together a diverse and established scientific team to examine a series of unanswered questions around social relationships, health, and cognitive functioning, all of which center on causal inference.

The work in this proposal is guided by three specific aims that will:

(1) Conduct a detailed assessment of social relationship functioning in the WSTR and use these variables in co-twin analyses of health and health behaviors. We will conduct a new data collection on 1,000 adult twin pairs (N = 2,000) in the WSTR and complete a "deep phenotyping" of key relationship quality variables, including social integration, relationship satisfaction/quality, and attachment styles. Under Aim 1, we will also collect DNA methylation data and use a series of epigenetic clocks to characterize accelerated biological aging among our main study outcomes.

(2) Conduct a detailed neuropsychological assessment of cognitive functioning in the WSTR cohort and use these variables as key outcomes in co-twin models. Social isolation and loneliness may hasten declines in cognitive functioning, but are these associations consistent with a causal effect? We will conduct detailed neuropsychological assessments of the 2,000 WSTR participants using assessments that target cognitive outcomes shown to be associated with accelerated cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

(3) Examine the association between objective measures of daily social functioning and the health and cognitive outcomes in the WSTR. The Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) is a smartphone application that records ambient sounds in participants' daily lives and provides a means of assessing social behaviors beyond self-report alone. We will collect EAR data from a sub-sample of 140 adult MZ twin pairs discordant for marital status (N = 280) from the WSTR to determine if within twin-pair differences in the objective indices of social integration are associated with the health, health behavior, and cognitive outcomes.

Successful completion of the proposed research will help build a causal foundation for public health intervention efforts around social relationships.

University Of Arizona

TO ENCOURAGE BIOMEDICAL, SOCIAL, AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH AND RESEARCH TRAINING DIRECTED TOWARD GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF THE AGING PROCESS AND THE DISEASES, SPECIAL PROBLEMS, AND NEEDS OF PEOPLE AS THEY AGE. THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING HAS ESTABLISHED PROGRAMS TO PURSUE THESE GOALS. THE DIVISION OF AGING BIOLOGY EMPHASIZES UNDERSTANDING THE BASIC BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF AGING. THE DIVISION OF GERIATRICS AND CLINICAL GERONTOLOGY SUPPORTS RESEARCH TO IMPROVE THE ABILITIES OF HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS TO RESPOND TO THE DISEASES AND OTHER CLINICAL PROBLEMS OF OLDER PEOPLE. THE DIVISION OF BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH SUPPORTS RESEARCH THAT WILL LEAD TO GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF THE SOCIAL, CULTURAL, ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT BOTH THE PROCESS OF GROWING OLD AND THE PLACE OF OLDER PEOPLE IN SOCIETY. THE DIVISION OF NEUROSCIENCE FOSTERS RESEARCH CONCERNED WITH THE AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AS WELL AS THE RELATED SENSORY, PERCEPTUAL, AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH AGING AND HAS A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR) PROGRAM: TO EXPAND AND IMPROVE THE SBIR PROGRAM, TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, TO INCREASE SMALL BUSINESS PARTICIPATION IN FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAM: TO STIMULATE AND FOSTER SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION THROUGH COOPERATIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CARRIED OUT BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO FOSTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION.

93.866 - Aging Research

National Institute on Aging (NIA) [HHS - NIH]

Tucson, Arizona 857210001 United States

Single Zip Code

NIH Research Project Grant (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) (PA-20-185)

Amendment Since initial award the total obligations have increased 343% from $918,251 to $4,070,997.