R01AG071692

Social Connectedness and Social Isolation in Nursing Home Residents - This proposal is responsive to PAR-19-373 and the National Institute on Aging Strategic Plan Goals B and C.

Social connectedness, the relationship people have with others, contributes to thriving in nursing homes. Loneliness is prevalent in nursing homes, and more so in residents with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).

In the community, loneliness spreads through a contagious process. Nursing homes provide congregate living for older adults where such spread of loneliness has not been studied. The proposed R01 explores the longitudinal evolution of lack of social connectedness throughout the nursing home stay, describes the interdependence of social isolation and lack of social connectedness within congregate living environments, and identifies individual and contextual factors that exacerbate or attenuate its spread.

Understanding who is at risk for lack of social connectedness and the health consequences of "being alone in a crowd" will inform interventions to address this important determinant of health and well-being in nursing home residents.

The importance of this R01 is underscored by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing home residents. Necessary policies introduced unprecedented social disruption to nursing homes (e.g., no visitors, residents restricted to their rooms), coupled with devastating COVID-19 illnesses and deaths leaving no resident, loved one, or nursing home staff unaffected.

The horrific COVID-19 "natural experiment" allows the study of the downstream ripple effects of the policies to contain COVID-19 in nursing homes on social isolation and connectedness.

The proposed R01 builds from our novel NIH-funded work to develop and test indices of social connectedness and social isolation using the Minimum Data Set 3.0 (MDS). We leverage an in-house longitudinal national MDS-based data source (2011-2018, extended to 2021) which includes area-based and facility characteristics, COVID-19 related data (e.g., policies, cases, deaths), and Medicare eligibility and claims data. These data enable the evaluation of deaths, hospitalizations, and other validated outcomes.

Our specific aims are to:

1) Extend our social connectedness/isolation MDS measure development and testing to residents without ADRD;
2) Evaluate the "natural course" of social connectedness in nursing homes and identify individual and contextual factors that modulate its spread;
3) Quantify the effect of social connectedness and isolation on health outcomes and evaluate factors that moderate its impact;
4) Estimate the impact of the pandemic on the lack of social connectedness in nursing home residents and the corresponding ripple effects of lack of social connectedness on resident health and well-being;
5) Identify characteristics of nursing homes that altered the impact of COVID-19 on the lack of social connectedness and its associated health effects among residents.

The project develops a knowledge base regarding the broader impact of social isolation and COVID-19 on outcomes in nursing homes. The research will inform policies for the care of a rapidly growing segment of an aging society and guidance nursing home pandemic preparedness.

University Of Massachusetts Medical School

TO ENCOURAGE BIOMEDICAL, SOCIAL, AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH AND RESEARCH TRAINING DIRECTED TOWARD GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF THE AGING PROCESS AND THE DISEASES, SPECIAL PROBLEMS, AND NEEDS OF PEOPLE AS THEY AGE. THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING HAS ESTABLISHED PROGRAMS TO PURSUE THESE GOALS. THE DIVISION OF AGING BIOLOGY EMPHASIZES UNDERSTANDING THE BASIC BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF AGING. THE DIVISION OF GERIATRICS AND CLINICAL GERONTOLOGY SUPPORTS RESEARCH TO IMPROVE THE ABILITIES OF HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS TO RESPOND TO THE DISEASES AND OTHER CLINICAL PROBLEMS OF OLDER PEOPLE. THE DIVISION OF BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH SUPPORTS RESEARCH THAT WILL LEAD TO GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF THE SOCIAL, CULTURAL, ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT BOTH THE PROCESS OF GROWING OLD AND THE PLACE OF OLDER PEOPLE IN SOCIETY. THE DIVISION OF NEUROSCIENCE FOSTERS RESEARCH CONCERNED WITH THE AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AS WELL AS THE RELATED SENSORY, PERCEPTUAL, AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH AGING AND HAS A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR) PROGRAM: TO EXPAND AND IMPROVE THE SBIR PROGRAM, TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, TO INCREASE SMALL BUSINESS PARTICIPATION IN FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAM: TO STIMULATE AND FOSTER SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION THROUGH COOPERATIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CARRIED OUT BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO FOSTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER BETWEEN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO INCREASE PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS DERIVED FROM FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AND TO FOSTER AND ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS AND WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION.

93.866 - Aging Research

National Institute on Aging (NIA) [HHS - NIH]

Worcester, Massachusetts 01655 United States

Single Zip Code

Research on biopsychosocial factors of social connectedness and isolation on health, wellbeing, illness, and recovery (R01 Clinical Trials Not Allowed) (PAR-19-373)

Amendment Since initial award the End Date has been extended from 03/31/26 to 03/31/27 and the total obligations have increased 305% from $824,201 to $3,335,748.