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2335104

Project Grant

Overview

Grant Description
STTR PHASE I: MICROWAVE-ENHANCED MODULAR AMMONIA SYNTHESIS -THE BROADER IMPACT/COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF THIS SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PHASE I PROJECT LIES IN ITS EXPLORATION OF MICROWAVE ENHANCED AMMONIA SYNTHESIS.

MICROWAVE RESEARCH HOLDS THE PROMISE OF DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION AND ENABLES OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUBSTANTIAL CARBON EMISSION REDUCTIONS THROUGH REDUCED ENERGY REQUIREMENTS, MINIMAL DIRECT EMISSIONS, AND INCREASED PROCESS SELECTIVITY.

APPLYING MICROWAVE ENERGY TO CHEMICAL PROCESSES MAY TRANSFORM HOW CHEMICAL REACTIONS OCCUR. THIS PROJECT TARGETS THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA, WHICH IS THE SECOND MOST-PRODUCED CHEMICAL IN THE WORLD.

AMMONIA IS USED AS A FERTILIZER BUT ALSO AS A CARBON-NEUTRAL LIQUID FUEL; IT ALLOWS POWER GENERATION WITHOUT CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) EMISSIONS, MAKING IT CRUCIAL FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY.

AS A HYDROGEN CARRIER, AMMONIA?S ROLE IN HYDROGEN-POWERED SYSTEMS IS EXPECTED TO INCREASE WITH DECARBONIZATION EFFORTS. MICROWAVE-ENHANCED AMMONIA SYNTHESIS CAN TRANSFORM THE COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE BY MEETING THE INCREASING DEMAND FOR AMMONIA, OPENING NEW MARKET OPPORTUNITIES, AND POTENTIALLY INCREASING PROFITABILITY.

THIS STTR PHASE I PROJECT WILL ADDRESS THE HABER-BOSCH PROCESS, WHICH HAS BEEN THE STANDARD METHOD TO PRODUCE AMMONIA IN BULK FOR OVER A CENTURY. HOWEVER, THIS PROCESS FUNCTIONS AT HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES AND REQUIRES A CONSTANT SUPPLY OF ENERGY, WHICH EQUATES TO HIGHER OPERATIONAL COSTS AND INCREASED EMISSIONS OF CO2.

MICROWAVES OFFER INSTANTANEOUS, SELECTIVE, AND VOLUMETRIC HEATING VIA INTERACTION WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION THAT TARGETS THE ACTIVE SITES, INDUCING ELECTRON TRANSFER ON THE SURFACE OF A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST. THIS RESULTS IN A FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFERENT REACTION MECHANISM THAN CONVENTIONAL THERMAL HEATING, CONDUCTIVE, OR CONVECTIVE HEATING.

THE GOAL OF THE PHASE-1 PROJECT WILL BE TO DIRECTLY TEST THE FEASIBILITY OF A SPECIFIC MICROWAVE FREQUENCY, DESIGN, MODEL, AND TEST THE OPTIMIZATION OF AN AMMONIA-SPECIFIC MICROWAVE-ENHANCED APPLICATOR CAVITY THAT IMPLEMENTS HIGH FLOW RATES, ELECTRIC-FIELD UNIFORMITY, CATALYST TEMPERATURE UNIFORMITY WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL EFFICIENCY.

THE RESEARCH WILL INVOLVE ELECTROMAGNETIC NUMERICAL ANALYSIS, LABORATORY CATALYTIC ACTIVITY EXPERIMENTS, DETERMINING FREQUENCY EFFECTS, AND THE CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT OF MICROWAVE-SENSITIVE CATALYST AND CATALYST SUPPORT MATERIAL.

THE ANTICIPATED TECHNICAL RESULTS INCLUDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MORE EFFICIENT, RENEWABLY POWERED, COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR AMMONIA SYNTHESIS, CONTRIBUTING TO THE DECARBONIZATION EFFORTS OF THE ENERGY SECTOR.

THIS AWARD REFLECTS NSF'S STATUTORY MISSION AND HAS BEEN DEEMED WORTHY OF SUPPORT THROUGH EVALUATION USING THE FOUNDATION'S INTELLECTUAL MERIT AND BROADER IMPACTS REVIEW CRITERIA.- SUBAWARDS ARE PLANNED FOR THIS AWARD.
Funding Goals
THE GOAL OF THIS FUNDING OPPORTUNITY, "NSF SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR)/ SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAMS PHASE I", IS IDENTIFIED IN THE LINK: HTTPS://WWW.NSF.GOV/PUBLICATIONS/PUB_SUMM.JSP?ODS_KEY=NSF23515
Awarding / Funding Agency
Place of Performance
Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-5722 United States
Geographic Scope
Single Zip Code
Viaduct Innovative Technologies was awarded Project Grant 2335104 worth $275,000 from National Science Foundation in March 2024 with work to be completed primarily in Morgantown West Virginia United States. The grant has a duration of 8 months and was awarded through assistance program 47.084 NSF Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships. The Project Grant was awarded through grant opportunity NSF Small Business Innovation Research / Small Business Technology Transfer Phase I Programs.

SBIR Details

Research Type
STTR Phase I
Title
STTR Phase I: Microwave-Enhanced Modular Ammonia Synthesis
Abstract
The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Phase I project lies in its exploration of Microwave Enhanced Ammonia Synthesis. Microwave research holds the promise of disruptive innovation and enables opportunities for substantial carbon emission reductions through reduced energy requirements, minimal direct emissions, and increased process selectivity. Applying microwave energy to chemical processes may transform how chemical reactions occur. This project targets the production of ammonia, which is the second most-produced chemical in the world. Ammonia is used as a fertilizer but also as a carbon-neutral liquid fuel; it allows power generation without carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, making it crucial for sustainable energy. As a hydrogen carrier, ammonia’s role in hydrogen-powered systems is expected to increase with decarbonization efforts. Microwave-enhanced ammonia synthesis can transform the commercial landscape by meeting the increasing demand for ammonia, opening new market opportunities, and potentially increasing profitability. This STTR Phase I project will address the Haber-Bosch process, which has been the standard method to produce ammonia in bulk for over a century. However, this process functions at high pressures and temperatures and requires a constant supply of energy, which equates to higher operational costs and increased emissions of CO2. Microwaves offer instantaneous, selective, and volumetric heating via interaction with electromagnetic radiation that targets the active sites, inducing electron transfer on the surface of a heterogeneous catalyst. This results in a fundamentally different reaction mechanism than conventional thermal heating, conductive, or convective heating. The goal of the Phase-1 project will be to directly test the feasibility of a specific microwave frequency, design, model, and test the optimization of an ammonia-specific microwave-enhanced applicator cavity that implements high flow rates, electric-field uniformity, catalyst temperature uniformity with high electrical efficiency. The research will involve electromagnetic numerical analysis, laboratory catalytic activity experiments, determining frequency effects, and the continued development of microwave-sensitive catalyst and catalyst support material. The anticipated technical results include the development of a more efficient, renewably powered, cost-effective method for ammonia synthesis, contributing to the decarbonization efforts of the energy sector. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
Topic Code
CT
Solicitation Number
NSF 23-515

Status
(Complete)

Last Modified 3/21/24

Period of Performance
3/15/24
Start Date
11/30/24
End Date
100% Complete

Funding Split
$275.0K
Federal Obligation
$0.0
Non-Federal Obligation
$275.0K
Total Obligated
100.0% Federal Funding
0.0% Non-Federal Funding

Activity Timeline

Interactive chart of timeline of amendments to 2335104

Additional Detail

Award ID FAIN
2335104
SAI Number
None
Award ID URI
SAI EXEMPT
Awardee Classifications
Small Business
Awarding Office
491503 TRANSLATIONAL IMPACTS
Funding Office
491503 TRANSLATIONAL IMPACTS
Awardee UEI
YN5ABN4D67E5
Awardee CAGE
9M4Q1
Performance District
WV-02
Senators
Joe Manchin
Shelley Capito
Modified: 3/21/24