Large Language Model (LLM) Course of Action Analysis (COAA)

OUSD (R&E) CRITICAL TECHNOLOGY AREA(S): Trusted AI and Autonomy OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research topic is to explore Boyd's Observe, Orient, Decide and Act (OODA) Loop with the goal of finding disruptive courses of action (COAs) in a multi-domain environment that allow warfighters to impact both the rate of engagement with a competitor, but also the rhythm of engagement that allow our commanders and warfighters to leverage both the complexity and dynamism inherent in a multi-domain operation (MDO) to create decisive wins through strategic surprise. DESCRIPTION: This topic will accept Direct to Phase II submission only. Direct to Phase II proposals are accepted for a cost up to $2,000,000 for an 18-month period of performance. This research will enable intelligent process automation for the warfighter mission areas of mission command and intelligence with the objective of sorting Open-Source (OS) data and Publicly Available Information (PAI) to find and enrich actionable information. PHASE I: Proposers interested in submitting a DP2 proposal must provide documentation to substantiate that the scientific and technical merit and feasibility equivalent to a Phase I project has been met. Documentation can include data, reports, specific measurements, success criteria of a prototype, etc. (DIRECT TO) PHASE II: Produce prototype solutions that will be practical and feasible to operate in edge and austere environments. Companies will provide a technology transition and commercialization plan for DOD and commercial markets. The Army will evaluate each product in a realistic field environment and provide solutions to stakeholders for further evaluation. Based on Soldier field evaluations, companies will be requested to update the previously delivered prototypes to meet final design configuration. DP2 Submission Materials 10-page technical volume for down-select 5-page feasibility documentation, showing how technical feasibility has already been achieved. 8-slide commercialization plan; template provided in announcement. Statement of Work outlining intermediate and final anticipated deliverables during the Phase II award period. PHASE III DUAL USE APPLICATIONS: LLM COAA technology is encompassed by the broader space of Situational Awareness. Situational Awareness solutions play a crucial role in enabling real-time decision-making, risk mitigation, and operational efficiency in complex environments. Development of COAs in military operations is traditionally a time-consuming process. COA-GPT, is a novel algorithm employing LLMs for rapid and efficient generation of military plans that address planning discrepancies and capitalize on emergent windows of opportunity. Military/Defense applications of open-source data and publicly available information (OS/PAI) utilized in COAA LLMs for U.S. Special Operation Forces (SOF) include: Data fusion for Advanced Situational Awareness Geospatial Pattern Analysis & Self-Location in GPS-Denied Environments (celestial imagery to enable self-location without GPS for ground operators using ATAK) Indicators and Warnings: examine tactical, operational, and strategic variables across the operational environment Dual-use applications include: Autonomous systems (Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)/drones) Smart cities/homes IoT sensors for home and business Predictive analytics for climate and energy applications Disaster management REFERENCES: 1. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9384519 2. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijis/2023/8676366/ 3. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/9/1397 KEYWORDS: LLM, Large Language Model, AI/ML, Courses of Action, COA