EO/IR Weather Systems

The EO/IR Weather Systems program, managed by the Air Force, addresses critical gaps in space-based environmental monitoring through the development and deployment of advanced Electro-Optical/Infrared systems. This initiative is designed to replace the aging Defense Meteorological Satellite Program and the EWS-Geostationary systems, which are nearing the end of their operational life. The primary objectives include providing global Low-Earth Orbit coverage for cloud characterization and theater weather imagery, essential for accurate weather forecasting and strategic mission planning.

The Space Force leads this effort under its Advanced Component Development & Prototypes activity. The program focuses on prototyping state-of-the-art sensor designs that meet specific data latency requirements within a distributed LEO architecture. This approach enhances scalability and increases operational resilience. The EO/IR Weather Systems program plays a crucial role in maintaining the Department of Defense's commitment to international partnerships in space-based environmental monitoring.

Currently, the program emphasizes competitive prototyping and testing of various EO/IR sensors and satellite vehicle prototypes. These efforts aim to minimize technology maturity risks and inform decisions on cost-effective replacements for legacy systems. Additionally, the program explores commercial service models hosted on a proliferated LEO mesh network, ensuring a viable transition from existing capabilities.

Looking ahead, plans include completing several technology demonstrations and operational tests to validate system performance. These activities will guide the acquisition strategy for Phase III, which seeks to field an affordable and highly capable operational replacement system by leveraging advancements in sensor technology and commercial capabilities. The overarching goal is to ensure continued support for Department of Defense operations while enhancing situational awareness in contested space environments.